What Is Professional Practice For Waste Water Treatment For Individual Homes?
Waste water treatment is a scientific process of treating sewage water to make it suitable for reuse. Guidelines for setting up a wastewater treatment plant for individual houses are available in under Section 76 of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Act, 1992 and its subsequent amendments. The performance appraisal of the treatment plant is available through systematic sourcing of parameters related to the construction and maintenance of such systems. There are several standards for appraisal of performance standards. The entire process of the wastewater treatment is carried out in three prime sections of functional scopes.
Site Characterization
Defining site characterization of a residential septic system is the first step of the setup. Various steps are involved in the assessment of the site characterization.
- On Site Assessment – Understanding the scope of the work and initial planning of the setup and prerequisites is very essential and on-site assessment helps to define the precise scope. Participation of authorities and involved members in a desk duty helps to create ideal plan.
- Plan – The plan for deployment of the water treatment needs consideration of discharge route, site improvement, possible penetration levels for water to reach underground reservoirs, and recommendations to improve the process speed.
- Systems of Septic Tanks – Septic tanks play a pivotal role in delivering superior water treatment results. Determination of the sludge storage capacity is the important aspect while considering the septic tank system. This also decides the potential dwelling capacity. Typically, a septic tank of 10.2m2 size is suitable for a two - bedroom house.
- Percolation Areas – The area for percolation is very important for infiltration of water. Several related aspects like percolation trench components and raised percolation areas need to be given detailed attention. Several parallel infiltration methods are available, yet the process selection needs to be done as per the on-site requirements.
What are the secondary and tertiary sewage treatment systems?
Secondary and tertiary treatment systems primarily focus on aspects like rotating biological contactor, membrane filtration, biological aerated filter, media filter systems, sequencing batch reactors, constructed wetlands, polishing filters, tanks, and pipe work. In addition, immediate attention is required to consider the impact of sub-soil layers and ground slope. All these factors govern the sustainability of the wastewater treatment systems. Treating effluents in a systematic manner is very essential to prevent ground water contaminations and potential health hazards. Appropriate setup of the treatment system needs to be approved by concerned authorities during planning, deployment, and execution stages.
